What is the formula that represents risk?

The formula that represents risk is based on the relationship between toxicity and exposure. Understanding risk in this context involves evaluating how toxic a substance is and the extent to which individuals are exposed to that substance.

Toxicity refers to the inherent ability of a substance to cause harm or adverse effects, while exposure involves the actual contact or interaction with that substance. Therefore, risk is often assessed by multiplying the potential harm (toxicity) by the likelihood of coming into contact with that harm (exposure). This relationship is crucial in fields like pest control and public health, where understanding and mitigating risks is essential for protecting human health and the environment.

The other options focus on different concepts that don't adequately capture the comprehensive understanding of risk in this context. While hazard and vulnerability, severity and frequency, and exposure and environment might relate to aspects of risk assessment, they do not represent the core formula for calculating risk as effectively as toxicity and exposure.